Hydraulic valve mechanism.



Patented lan. I, 190|..

D. C. DEMAREST.

HYDRAULIC VALVE MECHANISM.

(Application led Mar. 2B, 1900) (No Modal.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

WWNESSES Patented lan. I, |901.

M. .env N M No EE Dn M AE Mw E A .D V c w .L DU A R D Y H (Application filed Mar. 28, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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WLTNESES INVENTOR y ./@am/ NORRls PETERS FrioruLmio.. wAsHlpToN. D. c.

controlling valve mechanism for operating NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.'

DAVID'C. DEMAREST, OF ANGELS, CALIFORNIA.

*HfvYDRAU LIC VALVE Nl ECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 665,192, dated January 1, 1901.

Application led March 28, 1900.

To all whom it may concer-71,.-

Be it known that I, DAviD C. DEMAREsT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Angels, Calaveras county, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Valve Mechanism; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of said invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it most nearly appertains to make, use, and practice the same.

The object of my invention is to provide a the gates or valves of two or more hydraulic nozzles, so that the movement of a single lever will serve to open or close all or one or more of the nozzle gates or valves, as required.

The particular use to which my controlling valve mechanism is applied is for regulating the delivery of streams of water under pressure through two or more hydraulic nozzles upon the buckets of a water-wheel, so that one or more streams can be delivered upon the wheel, according to the power required, and I have therefore represented it in that connection in this application.

It consists, primarily, in providing each of the several nozzles with an independent valve or gate which can be opened or closed by hydrostatic pressure applied through the medium of a piston moving 'ina cylinder, and, secondly, in independently connecting each of these cylinders with fa common -pressurecylinder in which a sliding valve is moved by means of a lever in such manner that the movement of the sliding valve in the common cylinder supplies water to and exhausts it from the nozzle-cylinders, s o as to move the pistons in the nozzle-cylinders and operate the nozzle-valves either simultaneously or consecutively, according to the position of the governing or valve piston, and, thirdly, in supplying Water-pressure to the common cylinder from the main pressure-pipe that supplies water to the nozzles in order to supply water to operate said valves, all as hereinafter more fully described.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective showing my valve controlling and regulating mechanism in connection with multiple nozzles for delivering streams of water against the buckets of a -ing the piston and its connecting ports.

Serial No. 10,573. (No model-l water-wheel. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the hydraulic valve-cylinder, show- Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section of the same; and Fig. 4L is a sectional View of one of the nozzle-valve cylinders 'and its valve, showing its port connection with the main-valve cylinder.

Let A represent a main pipe, which conducts water under pressure to two 0r more nozzles B B B2 for the purpose of delivering the water against the buckets of a waterwheel. (Shown in dotted lines at Fig. l.) Each nozzle has connected with it a pistonoperated valve, which in this instance is represented as a sliding cut-O valve or gate, which moves across the nozzle-orifice in a chamber inside the casing, (marked C C C2.) Connected with each one of these valve-chambers is a short cylinder D D D2. In each one of these cylinders a piston E moves and is connected by a rod passing through the intermediate casting F F' F2 with the valve-0r gate, so that as the piston is moved in its cylinder the cut-0E valve or gate is opened or closed, according to the direction in which the piston moves. At a convenient distance from these nozzles and their attached cylinders and valvesfl mount a long cylinder G on a suitable platform H. Inside of this cylinder a long spool-shaped piston G is placed, and a piston or valve rod 3 extends from the piston G through one end of the cylinder to a handlever 5 within reach of the engineer. The long spool-shaped piston G' consists of two heads .I J', connected by a reduced portion lo, so that the space surrounding the reduced portion k between the two heads forms a chamber for the purpose hereinafter described. The heads J J' 0f this piston are each made to fit tight in the cylinder, and for this purpose I prefer to surround them with the ordinary cup-leather used for packing pump-pistons, so that they will not only form a close packing, but will permit the piston to move easily in the cylinder. The valve-rod 3, which passes through the closed head of the cylinder G and is connected at its outer end with lever 5, has its opposite end connected with the piston inside the cylinder, so that the piston can be moved back or forth inside the cylinder by means of the lever.

IOO

A pipe 6 leads from the main pipe A and connects with the cylinder G at about its middle. I prefer to connect it with the bottom of the cylinder G; but this is not material. On each side of this supply-pipe 6 are three ports (marked, respectively, c e e2 and z' z" z2) leading into the chamber. The ports e e' e2 are connected, respectively, with the outer ends of the cylinders D DD2 by pipes, (marked 7,) while the ports t' z" 2, on the opposite side of pipe 6 are connected with the opposite or inner ends of the cylinders D D D2 by pipes, (marked S.) The distance between the heads J J' of the piston is sufficient to allow the supply-port of pipe G and all the ports which connect with the nozzle-chambers on one side of pipe 6 to be covered by the space between the heads, so that this space will constitute a movable pressure-chamber, which can be shifted in the cylinder G to cover or uncover any one or more of the side ports connected with pipes e e c2 or it" t2. Pipe 6 supplies water from the main to the movable chamber in the cylinder, so that it will have the same pressure that there is in the main pipe, and the pipes e e' c2 and z' z" z2 supply water from this pressure-chamber to operate the nozzle-pistons and their gates in the following manner: In the position in which the piston and its chamber are represented in Fig. 2 oi the drawings the pipe 6 and also all the ports represented by the pipes e e' c2 on one side of pipe 6 are connected with the chamber, so that the water-pressure in the chamber is transmitted through the pipes e e' e2 to the outer ends of all three of the nozzle-cylinders D D D2, so that the pistons of all three of the cylinders are forced toward their nozzles and the gates are thereby closed. The other three pipes z' z" t2, which connect the opposite ends of the nozzle-cylinders D D' D2 with the main cylinder G, have their ports or points of entry into cylinder G uncovered by the piston, so that in this position they connect with the open cylinder. The cylinder G may be open at both ends, so as to Waste the water discharged by the spoolshaped piston G on either side; lout I prefer to close the end through which the piston-rod passes and to connect that end of the cylinder with the opposite or open end by a side passage L, which connects at one end with the cylinder near the closed end and with the opposite end near the open Waste end, so that any water-pressure which may have been included within the pipes t' i' z2, leading from the opposite ends of the nozzle-cylinders D D D2, is relieved and the water is discharged into the cylinder and thence out through the side passage L and through the open end of the cylinder to the place of waste.

If the lever 5 be moved so as to draw the piston toward the closed end of cylinder G, the head J ot' the piston uncovers the ports e, e', and e2 successively, so as to connect them directly through their connecting-pipes with the wasteopening of the cylinder, and

simultaneously as each port c e e2 is passed by the head J the opposite head J of the piston passes over and covers one of the ports z' z" i2, so that the Water-pressure is transferred to the opposite ends of cylinders D D D2, while the water from the relieved ends of the cylinders D D/ D2 is released and forced by the movement of the nozzle-piston E out through the pipes c e c2 and through the waste end oi' cylinder G. This transfers the pressure from the outer to the inner ends of cylinders D D D2, so that the pistons in cylinder D D D2 are moved outward and the nozzle-gates are opened successively.

It is readily apparent that the piston in chamber G can be moved by lever 5 to any intermediate point, so as to transfer the waterpressure from the pressure-chamber of the piston to the opposite end of one or more of the three (more or less) nozzle-cylinders, and for the purpose of regulating the movement I employa sector-rack Stor the lever to move against and provide stop-holes 9, in which a spring-pin on the lever enters as the lever moves, so as to determine the proper point to set the valve for any particular nozzle. Both ends of the cylinder G are thus always open to the waste or exhaust pipe. The front end of the cylinder might have a wastepipe tapped into it, so as to discharge independently of the back end; but I prefer to discharge both ends through the back pipe by employing the cored side passage.

In the construction of the cylinder G, I shall usually employ a removable brass bushing Il to form the smooth bore of the cylinder. Holes or ports are madein the bushing opposite the annular channels to admit the water into the pressure-chamber ot' the spool-shaped valve, and it can be readily removed and replaced when desired.

In order to allow the water from pipe 6 to enter freelyall around the pressure-chamber of the piston, I provide annular grooves lO in the outer casing of cylinder G, which extend entirely around the casing, and these grooves are arranged opposite each port, so that the'movement of the piston-heads cut them oii. or introduces them into the chamber simultaneously with the ports.

Where I have used the term ports I have intended to refer to mere openings, as it is apparent that the pipes or tubes may be screwed into proper threaded holes in the casings of the cylinder and accomplish the same purpose; but for the purpose of representing a xed mechanism I have shown a heavy base for the main cylinder with fixed ports in the base, and the pipes are connected with these ports.

While I have shown sliding valves for cutting off the stream to the nozzle, it is apparent that a rotary or other valve could be used and the connection with the operating nozzlepistons modified accordingly, which can be done by any ordinary mechanic.

It will be observed that the double-headed IOO IIO

IIS

or spool-'shaped piston which moves in the cylinder G has no external pressure upon it. The pressure-chamber is inside the valve and the Vpressure is the same in all directions, so that it will move freely in the cylinder. By this arrangement an engineer is able to control and operate two or more hydraulic nozzles at any distance from the operating mechanism by means of a single lever. He can open all the nozzle-gates at once by moving lever 5 entirely across the rack, or he can stop it at the first notch, so as to open the gate of one nozzle, or he canopen two or more, according to the number of nozzles connected with the apparatus, or he can open one nozzle full and any fractional part of the second nozzles, or two nozzles full and any fractional part of the third nozzle.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A controller for the gates of hydraulic nozzles consisting of a hydraulic cylinder connected at or near its middle with a source of water-pressure; a plurality of ports on each side of said supply-port aspool-shaped valve or piston adapted to cover the supply-port and one-half the number of side ports; a plurality of nozzles equal to the number of ports on one side of the supply-port: a supplemental cylinder connected with each nozzle in which is contained apiston that operates to open and close the valve that admits water to the nozzle; a port on each side of the piston in the nozzle-cylinder, the port on the outer end of each nozzle-cylinder connecting with the controlling-cylinder on one side of its su pply-port while the port on the opposite side of the piston connects with the controlling-cylinder on the opposite side of the supply-port and means for moving the spoolshaped piston so as to cover or uncover any one of the side ports in the controller-cylinder substantially as described.

2. A controller for opening and closing the gates or valves of two or more hydraulic nozzles, consisting of a separate cylinder connected with each hydraulic nozzle; a pistonmoving in each of said cylinders and connected with the valve or gate that closes the nozzle-orifice; a separate horizontal cylinder having a waste-passage at both ends; a movable pressure-chamber contained in said sepa rate horizontal cylinder and adapted to move horizontally therein; means for supplying a duid-pressure to said movable pressure-chann-- ber; ports in one end of the horizontal cylinder connecting` with one end of the nozzle-gateoperating cylinders and ports in the opposite end of th-e horizontal cylinder connecting with the opposite ends of the nozzle-gate-operating cylinders, and means for moving the pressurechamber in the horizontal cylinder so asto simultaneously cover all the ports leading toone end of the nozzle-cylinders and uncover all the ports leading to the opposite end of the nozzlecylinder or to cover one or more of the ports on one end and uncover one or more ports at the opposite and corresponding end,substantially as described.

3. In a controller for operating the gates of two or more hydraulic nozzles, a horizontal cylinder; a port at or about the middle of said cylinder connecting it with a source of water-pressure; ports on each side of said supply-,port connecting with the opposite ends of independent cylinders; a spool-shaped piston adapted to cover the supply-port and onehalf the number of ports leading to the independent cylinders, and means for moving said spool-shaped piston longitudinally in the cylinder, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of December, A. D. 1899.

DAVID C. DEMAREST.

Witnesses:

D. B. RICHARDS, CEAS.. J. ARMBRUSTER. 

